In order to react rapidly during a crisis, training as well as emergency exercises are organised preventively in collaboration between the authorities, the field actors and the industry. These exercises are based on simulated accidents. In fact, preventive calculations based on pre-defined scenarios provide very useful information. Multiple situations can be studied in order to cover a wide range of possible accidents. Based on these simulations authorities are able to set up emergency plans. The information provided by preventive model simulations is used to:

Ö         study possible domino-effects due to neighbouring stocks/activities;

Ö         develop evacuation scenarios;

Ö         organise road blocking;

Ö         estimate the logistics needed to neutralize an accident;

Ö         determine potential locations where the commando-post can be placed;

Ö         organize training;

Ö         inform the public.

Regarding the use of satellite information, preventive simulations are designed to approach as accurately as possible a real accident.  

Pre-disaster activities are taken to reduce human and property losses caused by a potential hazard. For example, carrying out awareness campaigns, strengthening the existing weak structures, preparation of the disaster management plans at household and community level, etc. Such risk reduction measures taken under this stage are termed as mitigation and preparedness activities.